Library | ESG issues
Environmental
The environmental pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) assesses an organisation’s impact on the planet. It includes issues such as climate change, biodiversity, waste management and water management. Strong environmental practices help businesses reduce risks, comply with regulations, and drive long-term sustainability.
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WESR: Air Visual
The IQAir × UNEP air quality tool aggregates real-time PM2.5 data from thousands of monitors worldwide to show current air pollution exposure and estimates by age group, relative to WHO guidelines. It supports global air quality assessment through an interactive map and hourly updated exposure statistics.
WESR: Ozone
UNEP’s Ozone Secretariat portal supports implementation of the Montreal Protocol by providing access to data, reports, legal texts and compliance resources on ozone-depleting substances (ODS). It aids national authorities and stakeholders in tracking ODS phase-out and supporting global efforts to protect and restore the ozone layer.
UNEP Strata
UNEP Strata is a free, web-based geospatial platform that maps where climate, environmental and security stresses overlap with socio-economic vulnerabilities to support analysis, planning and monitoring by practitioners, analysts and policymakers.
UN SDG Portal
The United Nations SDGs platform (sdgs.un.org) is an online hub for the 2030 Agenda and 17 Sustainable Development Goals, offering goals, targets, indicators, events, publications and global actions to track and support SDG implementation. It also includes registries of voluntary commitments and multi-stakeholder partnerships.
TNFD: Nature Transition Plans
The TNFD Nature Transition Plans tool provides guidance for integrating nature-related goals, actions, governance and disclosures into organisational transition planning. It supports alignment with the Global Biodiversity Framework and helps organisations assess, plan and communicate responses to nature-related dependencies, impacts, risks and opportunities.
Macroeconomic Climate Indicators Dashboard
IMF Climate Data Portal
International Monetary Fund climate data portal provides country-level indicators linking climate change with macroeconomic and financial analysis, including emissions, climate risks, adaptation, mitigation, and climate finance. Data are standardised, downloadable, and designed to support policy, research, and comparative economic assessment.
International Monetary Fund climate data portal provides country-level indicators linking climate change with macroeconomic and financial analysis, including emissions, climate risks, adaptation, mitigation, and climate finance. Data are standardised, downloadable, and designed to support policy, research, and comparative economic assessment.
Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS)
Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) Near Real-Time Observational Data (Level 1) provides rapidly delivered atmospheric and ecosystem measurements, typically within 24 hours. Data undergo automated quality control only and are released as growing time series. Suitable for monitoring and exploratory analysis, not final scientific assessment.
Minamata Convention Data Platorm
Minamata Convention Data Platorm is an open-source, cloud-based geospatial platform for managing, analysing and visualising spatial data on natural resources and the environment. It supports dashboards, maps and story maps to aggregate and share authoritative data for decision-making and impact monitoring.
World Bank CMIP5 Global Climate Change Viewer
The World Bank’s Climate Knowledge Portal – CMIP5 section provides access to historical and future climate projections based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. It supports analysis of temperature, precipitation and climate risks for countries/regions using multi-model ensemble data to inform climate risk assessment and adaptation planning.
FIRMS Fire Information for Resource Management System
NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) provides global near-real-time satellite data on active fires and thermal anomalies, viewable via interactive maps, alerts and downloadable files. It uses MODIS and VIIRS instruments to detect fire locations and deliver data within hours for monitoring, analysis and decision-making.
European Minerals Knowledge Data Platform (Minerals4EU)
Minerals4EU is an EU-supported initiative that created a harmonised minerals intelligence network and web portal, offering standardised European mineral resource data, a Minerals Yearbook and analytical studies. It supports policy decisions and raw materials supply security through shared georesource information across European geological surveys.
Electricity Maps
Electricity Maps is a commercial data platform providing global electricity grid information including electricity mix, carbon intensity, prices and load in real time, historically and forecasted. It serves businesses and developers with APIs and interactive maps to support sustainability insights, carbon accounting and energy analysis worldwide.
The twin transition century
This paper argues that Europe’s green transition depends on aligning digital transformation with sustainability goals. It outlines how digital research can both reduce its own environmental footprint and enable climate action, calling for long-term, interdisciplinary research investment and coordinated EU policy.
Climate risk index series
The Climate Risk Index is an annual benchmark series that compares countries’ exposure and vulnerability to extreme weather events using a consistent, historical, data-driven framework. Across all editions, it supports comparative assessment of physical climate risk over time and informs policy, risk analysis, and climate-aware financial decision-making.
Tools for circularity
This report outlines practical tools to help mining and metals companies integrate circular economy principles. It explains business drivers, regulatory context, metrics, and case studies, supporting financial and non-financial business cases for improved resource efficiency, value retention, and responsible production.
How the circular economy can revive the sustainable development goals: Priorities for immediate global action, and a policy blueprint for the transition to 2050
This report argues that embedding circular economy principles within the Sustainable Development Goals could revive stalled progress. It outlines five global policy priorities and proposes a 2050 blueprint linking circularity, inclusive growth, trade, finance and standards to post-2030 development agendas.