Library | ESG issues
Governance
The governance pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) refers to the systems, policies, and practices that ensure an organisation is managed responsibly and ethically. It includes issues such as board structure, reporting & disclosures, shareholders & voting, and risk management. Strong governance reduces risks, enhances trust, and supports long-term business sustainability.
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Global Impact Investing Network (GIIN)
The Global Impact Investing Network (“GIIN”) is a non-profit organisation dedicated to increasing the scale and effectiveness of impact investing. The GIIN seeks to facilitate knowledge exchange, highlight innovative investment approaches, build the evidence base, and produce valuable tools and resources to support the development of the impact investing industry.
Inclusive business: What it is and why it matters
This report examines the concept of inclusive business as a means of enabling disadvantaged populations to participate in economic activity and share economic value. The report provides a comprehensive discussion of what an inclusive business initiative comprises and contains examples showing how they address social challenges.
HEC Paris Society and Organizations Institute
HEC Paris Society and Organizations Institute is an interdisciplinary body that undertakes research, teaching and implementation of ideas to help business meet challenges primarily posed by social inequality and climatic constraints. It seeks to reinvent business through promoting sustainability and unleashing human potential.
Final report: Independent assessment of social and economic conditions in the Murray–Darling Basin
Commonly known as the 'Sefton report', it provides recommendations to the Australian government on the social and economic conditions of the Murray Darling Basin. The report provides an independent assessment in regional and rural communities while highlighting the positive and negative effects of water reform.
Can government policies that drive strong economic outcomes for the private sector alleviate poverty?
The report examines how the adoption of policies that drive strong economic outcomes for the private sector often reduce poverty in the developing world, primarily through opportunities for job creation. In particular, the report calls for policies that promote greater access to credit and the protection of minority investors.
Farm Animal Investment Risk and Return (FAIRR)
FAIRR Initiative is a diverse investor network that raises awareness of the environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks and opportunities generated by intensive livestock production. They provide investors with the tools to combat environmental and social issues through sustainable finance in global food systems.
Appetite for disruption: A second serving
This report explores the growth of the alternative protein market, particularly in the face of supply chain disruptions, food safety concerns from COVID-19, and global emissions. This is published alongside FAIRR's Sustainable Proteins Hub, an interactive tool which allows investors to assess how companies are diversifying toward alternative, climate-positive portfolios.
Healthy competition: Why the safest bet for investors is healthier retail markets and how to get there
This second briefing report explores ShareAction’s Healthy Markets campaign, featuring the UK food retailers most exposed to the childhood obesity agenda. The brief is designed to inform and support investor stewardship and company engagement through an analysis of their disclosure policies and practices for healthy eating.
Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment (University of Oxford)
The interdisciplinary Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment at the University of Oxford specialises in teaching, research and outreach on environmental economics and policy, enterprise management, financial markets, investment and law. It engages with businesses and governments on climate change and long-term environmental sustainability.
PitchBook Data
PitchBook Data is a data and software company that tracks public and private equity markets including venture capital, private equity and mergers and acquisitions. As a financial analysis tool, it provides extensive data and analysis on capital markets to inform investment decision making.
Harvard Business School
Harvard Business School is an academic institution dedicated to postgraduate scholarship, research and publishing in the field of business management, including environmental, social and governance issues. The institution seeks to shape business management and leadership that will make a difference in the world.
A banker's guide to transforming finance
This report focuses on the perceived purpose-gap in the banking sector wherein banks are not fulfilling their role to create positive economic, social and environmental outcomes. Filling this gap requires leveraging ‘systemic intrapreneurs’ within organisations to holistically shift banking strategy.
Governing the commons: The evolution of institutions for collective action
Elinor Ostrom examines the management of common-pool resources such as rivers, bridges and grazing areas. Ostrom discusses the ‘tragedy of the commons’ and environmental, economic and social threats to common-pool resources. Ostrom applies political and economic theory and policy literature to discuss potential solutions and challenge conventional approaches.
Transition risks and market failure: a theoretical discourse on why financial models and economic agents may misprice risk related to the transition to a low-carbon economy
The paper has a theoretical focus and looks at the risks associated with transitioning to a low-carbon economy. It looks to highlight externalities that may not be factored into risk models. It concludes in favour of a case of policy intervention and more sophisticated modelling to counter potential market failures.
Women on boards and the human capital connection
Companies with a gender diverse board and stronger talent management practices enjoyed higher growth in employee productivity compared to companies with a diverse board only or with strong talent management practices only. Companies with mostly male boards and lagging talent management practices had the lowest rates of employee productivity growth.
The emergence of foreseeable biodiversity-related liability risks for financial institutions: A gathering storm?
This report proposes a framework for financial institutions to consider biodiversity-related liability risks in their broader assessment of financial risks associated with biodiversity. Understanding the potential of liability risks will help financial institutions identify, price and mitigate the direct and indirect impacts of biodiversity-related risks.
