The Financial Stability Board (FSB) established the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures to develop recommendations for more effective disclosures. The recommendations aim to promote more informed investment, credit and insurance underwriting decisions to enable stakeholders to better understand carbon-related assets and the financial system’s exposures to climate-related risks.

United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) is a unique partnership between the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the global financial sector. UNEP FI works closely with over 200 financial institutions that are signatories to the UNEP FI Statement on Sustainable Development to develop linkages between sustainability and financial performance.

The International Capital Market Association (ICMA) is a non-profit membership association, headquartered in Switzerland, representing financial institutions active in international capital markets. ICMA serves a wide range of members including public and private sector issuers, financial intermediaries, asset managers and other investors, capital market infrastructure providers, central banks, law firms and others worldwide.

FTSE Russell is a global provider of benchmarks, analytics and data solutions with multi-asset capabilities. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group, and is a unit of its Information Services Division.

Regnan specialises in research that identifies the environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks and opportunities in S&P/ASX200 companies and engages with companies to improve their long-term performance. Regnan also offers an advisory service that supports institutional investors to build their own responsible investment capabilities.

Profundo is an independent non-profit company that aims to make a practical contribution, toward a sustainable world and social justice, with fact-based research and advice. Services include equity analysis and research across finance, tax, policy, supply chain and markets. Projects cover environmental risks such as deforestation, animal welfare and palm oil.

Morgan Stanley is a leading global investment bank founded and headquartered in New York City. They operate in 41 countries worldwide and provide investment banking, investment management, research, securities and wealth management services to individuals, corporations, financial institutions, and governments.

American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company, offering services within consumer and commercial banking, investment banking, wealth management and asset management. It is ranked by S&P Global as the largest bank in the United States and the sixth-largest bank in the world with US$2.6 trillion (2019) total assets.

Willis Towers Watson (NASDAQ: WLTW) is a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk into a path for growth. The company is an Irish-domiciled global multinational risk management, insurance brokerage and advisory company.

Deloitte is a leading global provider of audit and assurance, consulting, financial advisory, risk advisory, tax, and related services. Formed over 150 years ago, Deloitte employs approximately 286,000 people in 150 countries and territories, including over 8.000 people located in 14 offices across Australia.

KPMG advises other organisations, helping them to mitigate risk and grasp opportunities. KPMG operates across the globe, serving the needs of businesses, governments, public-sector agencies and not-for-profits through audit and assurance practices.

The nine planetary boundaries offer an approach to global sustainability where humanity can safely operate and avoid major human-induced environmental change on a global scale. The article argues that three of the planetary boundaries are already transgressed, including: climate change, biodiversity loss and the global nitrogen cycle.

Sustainalytics is a global leader in environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) research and ratings. Today, Sustainalytics supports hundreds of the world’s foremost investors who incorporate ESG insights into their investment processes.

PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) is among the leading professional services networks in the world. They help organisations and individuals create the value they’re looking for, by delivering quality in assurance, tax and advisory services.

Investment Leaders Group (ILG) is a project to help shift the investment chain towards responsible, long-term value creation, such that economic, social and environmental sustainability are delivered as an outcome of the investment process alongside satisfactory, long-term investment returns. Jointly conceived by the University of Cambridge and Natixis Asset Management.

Mercer is an American human resources consulting firm that aims to redefine the world of work, reshape retirement and investment outcomes, and unlock real health and well-being. For more than 70 years, Mercer has been providing advice and solutions to build healthier and more sustainable futures for clients, colleagues and communities.