This report identifies drivers of change within the tobacco industry and the potential risk factors that may arise as a result. The report conducts a scenario analysis that maps out three potential outcomes for the industry and the relative impact on the share price of the world’s largest tobacco companies.

The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analytics segment of The Economist Group which provides analysis on international business and world affairs. EIU provides data, research and analysis on a broad range of topics including national elections, international trade and sustainable cities.

The Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB) connects businesses and investors on the financial impacts of sustainability. An independent non-profit, SASB develops reporting standards that enable businesses around the world to identify, manage and communicate financially-material, sustainability information to investors.

Bloomberg L.P is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 1981, its growth into a globally recognised icon can be attributed to the success of its data analytics and information-delivery service, Bloomberg Terminal.

The Financial Stability Board (FSB) established the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures to develop recommendations for more effective disclosures. The recommendations aim to promote more informed investment, credit and insurance underwriting decisions to enable stakeholders to better understand carbon-related assets and the financial system’s exposures to climate-related risks.

United Nations Environment Programme Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) is a unique partnership between the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the global financial sector. UNEP FI works closely with over 200 financial institutions that are signatories to the UNEP FI Statement on Sustainable Development to develop linkages between sustainability and financial performance.

The International Capital Market Association (ICMA) is a non-profit membership association, headquartered in Switzerland, representing financial institutions active in international capital markets. ICMA serves a wide range of members including public and private sector issuers, financial intermediaries, asset managers and other investors, capital market infrastructure providers, central banks, law firms and others worldwide.

FTSE Russell is a global provider of benchmarks, analytics and data solutions with multi-asset capabilities. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of London Stock Exchange Group, and is a unit of its Information Services Division.

Regnan specialises in research that identifies the environmental, social and governance (ESG) risks and opportunities in S&P/ASX200 companies and engages with companies to improve their long-term performance. Regnan also offers an advisory service that supports institutional investors to build their own responsible investment capabilities.

Profundo is an independent non-profit company that aims to make a practical contribution, toward a sustainable world and social justice, with fact-based research and advice. Services include equity analysis and research across finance, tax, policy, supply chain and markets. Projects cover environmental risks such as deforestation, animal welfare and palm oil.

Morgan Stanley is a leading global investment bank founded and headquartered in New York City. They operate in 41 countries worldwide and provide investment banking, investment management, research, securities and wealth management services to individuals, corporations, financial institutions, and governments.

American multinational investment bank and financial services holding company, offering services within consumer and commercial banking, investment banking, wealth management and asset management. It is ranked by S&P Global as the largest bank in the United States and the sixth-largest bank in the world with US$2.6 trillion (2019) total assets.

Willis Towers Watson (NASDAQ: WLTW) is a leading global advisory, broking and solutions company that helps clients around the world turn risk into a path for growth. The company is an Irish-domiciled global multinational risk management, insurance brokerage and advisory company.

Deloitte is a leading global provider of audit and assurance, consulting, financial advisory, risk advisory, tax, and related services. Formed over 150 years ago, Deloitte employs approximately 286,000 people in 150 countries and territories, including over 8.000 people located in 14 offices across Australia.

KPMG advises other organisations, helping them to mitigate risk and grasp opportunities. KPMG operates across the globe, serving the needs of businesses, governments, public-sector agencies and not-for-profits through audit and assurance practices.

The nine planetary boundaries offer an approach to global sustainability where humanity can safely operate and avoid major human-induced environmental change on a global scale. The article argues that three of the planetary boundaries are already transgressed, including: climate change, biodiversity loss and the global nitrogen cycle.