Library | ESG issues
Climate Change
Climate change, driven by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is increasing global temperatures and extreme weather events. Major GHGs like carbon dioxide and methane primarily come from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. Key sectors contributing to emissions include energy, industry, transport, buildings, and land use, making mitigation and adaptation essential for environmental and economic stability.
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Climate Action Tracker
The Climate Action Tracker tool evaluates and tracks government climate actions against the Paris Agreement targets, providing insights into policy effectiveness. It offers finance professionals data-driven analysis to assess climate risks and opportunities, supporting informed investment decisions aligned with global sustainability goals.
Shareaction's insuring disaster benchmark series
The "Insuring Disaster" series by ShareAction evaluates the responsible investment and underwriting practices of the world's largest insurers, focusing on their approaches to critical environmental and social issues. This benchmark series highlights the industry's impact on climate, biodiversity, and human rights, offering actionable recommendations for improvement.
Natural Capital Protocol
The Natural Capital Protocol provides a step-by-step guide for businesses to measure, value, and integrate natural capital into their operations. Divided into 9 stages, this comprehensive guide offers a practical approach to assess material risks and opportunities, communicate with stakeholders, and make informed decisions towards sustainable business practices.
Asia in focus: ESG investing and the business and human rights agenda
The report examines the state of ESG investment in Asia, highlighting the challenges and opportunities faced by investors, regulators, and companies. It explores the rise of ESG funds, active ownership, sustainable bonds, and the evolving regulatory landscape.
Qualitative assessment of complex and interacting climate risks
This report highlights the limitations of solely relying on quantitative climate risk assessments and emphasises the importance of qualitative methods. It discusses complex interactions between hazards, vulnerabilities, and exposures across built, social, natural, and economic domains, advocating for systems thinking and intersectional approaches to better capture and mitigate climate risks.
A new economy: Exploring the root causes of the polycrisis and the principles to unlock a sustainable future
The report examines the systemic flaws of the current economic model, highlighting ecological, social, and geoeconomic crises. It proposes transitioning to a regenerative economy based on principles of sufficiency, circularity, systems thinking, equity, and redefining value to achieve sustainable and equitable growth.
Briefing for finance: Climate action
Climate change poses a significant risk to businesses, with potential for financial and operational disruption. However, addressing climate change also presents opportunities for innovation, resilience, and improved reputation. Organisations can mitigate these risks and capitalise on these opportunities by setting net-zero targets, developing transition plans, and integrating climate considerations into decision-making processes.
Sustainable finance roadmap 2024
The Australian Government's 2024 Sustainable Finance Roadmap outlines a plan to mobilise private capital towards achieving net-zero emissions. It focuses on improving transparency in climate and sustainability reporting, enhancing financial system capabilities, and demonstrating government leadership. Key initiatives include mandatory climate-related financial disclosures, developing a sustainable finance taxonomy, and issuing sovereign green bonds.
Transport and Environment
Transport & Environment (T&E) is a leading European organisation advocating for sustainable transport policies. T&E focuses on reducing emissions, promoting electric vehicles, and improving air quality. Their research, policy briefs, and practical tools support environmental sustainability in the transport sector. Visit to learn more about their impactful work.
Climate Catalyst
Climate Catalyst mobilises leaders to accelerate climate action globally. They work on advocacy to drive systemic change, focusing on climate solutions, sustainable development, and just transition. Their initiatives empower decision-makers to implement impactful strategies for a sustainable future.
Net Zero Investment Framework 2.0
The Net Zero Investment Framework (NZIF) 2.0, updated in June 2024, provides guidelines for investors to align their portfolios with the Paris Agreement goals. It includes detailed methodologies for various asset classes, governance, strategic asset allocation, and policy advocacy, focusing on achieving real economy emissions reductions through independent fiduciary decisions.
How corporate climate change mitigation actions affect the cost of capital
This study explores how corporate climate change mitigation actions influence the cost of capital for Japanese firms from 2017-2021. It finds that higher carbon intensity increases the cost of equity, debt, and overall capital. Climate-related disclosures lower the cost of equity and overall capital, despite raising debt costs.
GRESB
GRESB (Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark) is an organisation providing ESG data and insights for the financial sector. It helps investors and managers evaluate ESG performance, enhance sustainability practices, and improve transparency in real estate and infrastructure investments.
Making things (that don’t exist) count: A study of Scope 4 emissions accounting claims
This report investigates the implications of 'Scope 4' emissions accounting claims, which refers to greenhouse gas emission reductions or removals due to a decision or action. This study suggests that extant Scope 4 assessments do not fit the established framework for scope-based emissions accounting, and calls for cautious claims of this nature and the need for more research.
Capital for kilowatts: The (non)-inflationary impacts of the green transition
The report examines Australia's need for significant investment in renewable energy infrastructure. It argues that despite high costs, the green transition's inflationary effects will be minimal and manageable, contributing to long-term macroeconomic stability and a more sustainable future.
Can investors curb greenwashing?
This report analyses the phenomenon of greenwashing in companies due to investors' pro-environmental preferences and their penalties for exposing past environmental controversies. The study presents the optimal communication, abatement policies, and greenwashing strategies of corporations, highlighting how investment decisions can clamp down on this practice. Policymakers can make use of these tools to reduce greenwashing and promote environment-friendly policies.