Library | ESG issues

Climate Change

Climate change, driven by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is increasing global temperatures and extreme weather events. Major GHGs like carbon dioxide and methane primarily come from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. Key sectors contributing to emissions include energy, industry, transport, buildings, and land use, making mitigation and adaptation essential for environmental and economic stability.

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Combining AI and domain expertise to assess corporate climate transition disclosures

This paper introduces an assessment framework for corporate disclosures on climate transition strategies. It identifies 64 indicators from 28 frameworks, develops a natural language processing (NLP) tool to automate disclosure assessment, and analyses disclosures of carbon-intensive companies. The findings reveal that companies often prioritise reporting targets over concrete implementation actions.
Research
14 May 2024

Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC)

Government Sponsored / Multilateral Organisations
Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) is a global partnership working to reduce short-lived climate pollutants like methane, black carbon, and HFCs. By focusing on key sectors, CCAC promotes strategies that simultaneously improve air quality and combat climate change. Explore their initiatives to support sustainable development and climate resilience.
Organisation
1 research item

Material insights

Responsible Minerals Initiative (RMI)
Material Insights is a tool to help companies and stakeholders manage environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks in mineral supply chains. It provides data-driven insights on specific minerals, supporting responsible sourcing and sustainability efforts in the raw materials sector.
Online tool/database

CDC Biodiversité

Government Sponsored / Multilateral Organisations
CDC Biodiversité is a French organisation focused on biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. It works on integrating biodiversity into economic activities, offering innovative solutions for businesses and policymakers. CDC Biodiversité promotes sustainable finance, environmental impact assessments, and nature-based solutions to address global biodiversity challenges.
Organisation
1 research item

Food Systems Dashboard

Johns Hopkins University (JHU)
The Food Systems Dashboard is a comprehensive tool providing insights into global food systems. It offers data on food production, consumption, and nutrition, enabling users to analyse and compare food systems across countries. This tool supports informed decision-making for improving food security and sustainability.
Online tool/database

3 degrees more: The impending hot season and how nature can help us prevent it

This three-part journal explores the severe impacts of a 3°C temperature rise on climate, biodiversity, agriculture, human survival, and the economy, emphasising the need for urgent climate action and nature-based solutions.
Research
7 June 2024

Storylines: A science-based method for assessing and measuring future physical climate-related financial risk

The report presents a method called "storylines" for assessing future physical climate-related financial risks. It emphasises plausibility over probability, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of uncertainties and risks in financial disclosures, particularly in the context of extreme climate events. This approach enhances risk assessment by integrating climate science with traditional financial analysis frameworks.
Research
16 July 2024

Climate Action Tracker

The Climate Action Tracker tool evaluates and tracks government climate actions against the Paris Agreement targets, providing insights into policy effectiveness. It offers finance professionals data-driven analysis to assess climate risks and opportunities, supporting informed investment decisions aligned with global sustainability goals.
Online tool/database

Shareaction's insuring disaster benchmark series

ShareAction
The "Insuring Disaster" series by ShareAction evaluates the responsible investment and underwriting practices of the world's largest insurers, focusing on their approaches to critical environmental and social issues. This benchmark series highlights the industry's impact on climate, biodiversity, and human rights, offering actionable recommendations for improvement.
Benchmark/series
17 May 2024

Natural Capital Protocol

Capitals Coalition (CapsCo)
The Natural Capital Protocol provides a step-by-step guide for businesses to measure, value, and integrate natural capital into their operations. Divided into 9 stages, this comprehensive guide offers a practical approach to assess material risks and opportunities, communicate with stakeholders, and make informed decisions towards sustainable business practices.
Research
8 July 2016

Asia in focus: ESG investing and the business and human rights agenda

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
The report examines the state of ESG investment in Asia, highlighting the challenges and opportunities faced by investors, regulators, and companies. It explores the rise of ESG funds, active ownership, sustainable bonds, and the evolving regulatory landscape.
Research
11 June 2024

Qualitative assessment of complex and interacting climate risks

This report highlights the limitations of solely relying on quantitative climate risk assessments and emphasises the importance of qualitative methods. It discusses complex interactions between hazards, vulnerabilities, and exposures across built, social, natural, and economic domains, advocating for systems thinking and intersectional approaches to better capture and mitigate climate risks.
Research
3 May 2024

A new economy: Exploring the root causes of the polycrisis and the principles to unlock a sustainable future

Ernst & Young (EY)
The report examines the systemic flaws of the current economic model, highlighting ecological, social, and geoeconomic crises. It proposes transitioning to a regenerative economy based on principles of sufficiency, circularity, systems thinking, equity, and redefining value to achieve sustainable and equitable growth.
Research
31 May 2024

Briefing for finance: Climate action

Accounting for Sustainability (A4S)
Climate change poses a significant risk to businesses, with potential for financial and operational disruption. However, addressing climate change also presents opportunities for innovation, resilience, and improved reputation. Organisations can mitigate these risks and capitalise on these opportunities by setting net-zero targets, developing transition plans, and integrating climate considerations into decision-making processes.
Research
28 November 2022

Sustainable finance roadmap 2024

Australian Government
The Australian Government's 2024 Sustainable Finance Roadmap outlines a plan to mobilise private capital towards achieving net-zero emissions. It focuses on improving transparency in climate and sustainability reporting, enhancing financial system capabilities, and demonstrating government leadership. Key initiatives include mandatory climate-related financial disclosures, developing a sustainable finance taxonomy, and issuing sovereign green bonds.
Research
18 June 2024

Transport and Environment

Issue Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Transport & Environment (T&E) is a leading European organisation advocating for sustainable transport policies. T&E focuses on reducing emissions, promoting electric vehicles, and improving air quality. Their research, policy briefs, and practical tools support environmental sustainability in the transport sector. Visit to learn more about their impactful work.
Organisation
2 research items
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