Library | Sustainable Finance Practices

Issue/sector focused research

General research and analysis that provides deep dives and insights into specific sustainability issues or industry sectors, addressing the current status, trends, risks, and opportunities for the issue but not specifically addressing a finance or business audience.

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Unlocking AI’s potential to serve humanity: Robotics, geospatial AI and communications networks

UN University Centre for Policy Research (UNU-CPR)
Examines how AI in robotics, geospatial analysis and communications networks can address global challenges. Highlights applications for human and planetary well-being, including healthcare, disaster response and climate action, and outlines five enabling pathways covering data governance, infrastructure, skills, policy and digital ecosystems.
Research
17 January 2026

Attribution of extreme events to climate change in the Australian region

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
This report reviews how reliably climate change can be linked to extreme events in Australia, finding strongest attribution for heat-related events, moderate confidence for some rainfall and drought, and limited capability for storms, east coast lows and multi-year droughts, while outlining research priorities to improve attribution.
Research
10 November 2023

Working with uncertainty in climate planning and adaptation

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
Explains how uncertainty in climate models affects adaptation planning, highlighting assumptions, variability, model limitations and downscaling challenges. Emphasises using scenarios and probability approaches to inform decisions, while recognising incomplete knowledge and the need for cautious, context-specific interpretation of projections.
Research
16 May 2024

Global literature review and survey of implementation constraints on natural climate solutions

Global review and project survey of natural climate solutions across 137 countries finds implementation is constrained mainly by social-behavioural, knowledge, and government or organisational barriers, especially weak policy coordination and implementation capacity. Without targeted enabling measures, near-term mitigation will remain below biophysical potential.
Research
14 March 2026

Global Renewables Watch

The Nature Conservancy
Global Renewables Watch Atlas is an interactive platform mapping utility-scale solar and wind installations worldwide using AI and satellite imagery. It provides regularly updated geospatial data to track deployment trends, estimate capacity, and assess progress in the energy transition, supporting analysis by policymakers, researchers, and finance professionals.
Online tool/database

NGFS Phase 5 Scenario Explorer

Network of Central Banks and Supervisors for Greening the Financial System (NGFS)
Web-based platform by NGFS and IIASA providing access to climate scenario data. It enables users to visualise, compare and download time-series data on transition pathways, physical risks and macroeconomic impacts, supporting climate risk analysis, stress testing and financial modelling. Data can be accessed via workspaces, bulk downloads or APIs.
Online tool/database

Communicating drought risk in a changing climate

Climate Outreach
Examines public perceptions of drought risk and provides evidence-based guidance for communicating climate-related drought in the UK. Emphasises audience values, narratives, trusted messengers, and linking local impacts to broader climate change to improve engagement and support for adaptation measures.
Research
17 August 2016

Action on climate-linked migration and displacement: Empowering refugee and migrant led organisations

Climate Outreach
Analyses climate-linked migration, highlighting impacts on displacement patterns and vulnerabilities. Evaluates roles, motivations and barriers for refugee- and migrant-led organisations, and proposes funding and policy interventions to strengthen their engagement in climate advocacy and support adaptive, rights-based responses.
Research
17 August 2021

Climate Outreach

Issue Focused NGOs & Think Tanks
Climate Outreach is a UK-based climate communication charity specialising in public engagement with climate change. It provides research, tools and training to help organisations develop effective climate narratives, reach diverse audiences and inspire action, supporting governments, businesses and NGOs to communicate climate issues in accessible, people-focused ways.
Organisation
7 research items

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes

Academic Institutions
ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes (CLEX) is an Australian climate science research centre focused on understanding and predicting climate extremes. It produces research, reports and briefing notes on extreme weather, drought and climate risk, supporting policymakers and industry to assess impacts of climate change and improve resilience and forecasting capabilities.
Organisation
3 research items

Nature-based solutions

ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes
This report explains nature-based solutions as ecosystem protection, restoration and management measures that can support climate mitigation, adaptation and biodiversity. It stresses their carbon-storage limits, vulnerability to disturbance, and the risk of overreliance in net-zero claims without deep emissions cuts.
Research
13 June 2024

Corporate enablers of Russia’s war in Ukraine: A closer look at multinational taxes and revenue in Russia in 2023

Kyiv School of Economics (KSE)
Examines multinational companies’ revenues and taxes in Russia (2021–2023), showing continued corporate activity generated significant tax contributions supporting the Russian state. Highlights sectoral drivers, limited exits, and rising fiscal pressures, concluding that ongoing operations pose financial, legal, and human rights risks.
Research
16 January 2025

The circular economy: A 'triple play' solution for achieving China's climate objectives

Ellen MacArthur Foundation
The report argues that a circular economy can help China meet climate goals by cutting emissions in hard-to-abate sectors, securing critical materials for renewable energy, and improving climate resilience, while outlining policy actions on design, resource management, investment, measurement, and cross-sector collaboration.
Organisation
23 December 2024

Market assessment on critical minerals innovation in developing countries

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
This report assesses critical minerals innovation in developing countries, focusing on midstream processing and downstream manufacturing, recycling and end-of-life treatment. It reviews 30 countries, highlights policy and financing gaps, and recommends stronger infrastructure, coordination, technology transfer and support for innovation ecosystems.
Research
26 November 2024

Regulating finance for biodiversity: An assessment for the global biodiversity framework

Profundo
This report assesses how financial regulation in Indonesia, Brazil, China, the EU and the US aligns with Global Biodiversity Framework targets, finding biodiversity integration generally weak and recommending stronger disclosure, due diligence, taxonomies, sanctions and sector-specific rules to redirect finance away from forest-risk activities.
Research
14 October 2024

The economics of water: Valuing the hydrological cycle as a global common good

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
The report argues the hydrological cycle should be governed as a global common good, with water valued more accurately and managed for efficiency, equity and environmental sustainability, supported by five missions spanning food systems, ecosystems, circular water use, lower water-intensity industry, and universal safe water access. The report is produced by the Global Commission on the Economics of Water, supported by the OECD.
Research
21 November 2024
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