Library | Sustainable Finance Practices

Issue/sector focused research

General research and analysis that provides deep dives and insights into specific sustainability issues or industry sectors, addressing the current status, trends, risks, and opportunities for the issue but not specifically addressing a finance or business audience.

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Oxford principles for net zero aligned carbon offsetting

Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment (University of Oxford)
This 2024 framework of four principles and guidance for organisations and standard bodies involved in offsetting practices. The revised principles emphasise the need for urgency in the reduction of emissions and the closing of the carbon removal gap, while maintaining transparency and integrity in all projects.
Research
26 February 2024

Climate scorpion – the sting is in the tail: Introducing planetary solvency

Global Systems Institute (University of Exeter)
The report explores the risks and impact of climate change on a global scale. The report emphasises the need for a realistic risk assessment urgently and laying out a blueprint on developing a Planetary Solvency framework.
Research
12 March 2024

Inside out inclusion: How to make better decisions and create an amazing team culture by valuing and including different viewpoints, styles and people

This report presents an inside-out inclusion model for improving team culture and decision-making. It covers how to improve self-awareness, value people, work together, make decisions, and adapt and grow. The model is backed by frameworks, tools, and reflection exercises.
Research
23 January 2020

Defining social norms and related concepts

United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF)
This report defines social norms as the perceived unwritten rules deemed acceptable and influential in guiding human behaviour within a community. Social norms can be beneficial or harmful and influence collective change. The report distinguishes injunctive norms, descriptive norms, moral norms, and attitudes to establish behaviour change interventions.
Research
12 November 2021

Safe and just Earth system boundaries

This report sets safe and just Earth system boundaries (ESBs) for domains including climate, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and identifies sub-global ESBs for avoiding Earth system destabilization. Achieving these ESBs requires a systemic transformation across sectors and addressing drivers of Earth system change for a safe and just future.
Research
31 May 2023

Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention

This study shows the theoretical and empirical existence of a tipping point for changing social conventions. Minority groups can overturn established behaviour by reaching a critical mass, expected to vary depending on social setting. The findings offer insight for organizations with potential shifts in conventional behaviour.
Research
8 June 2018

Environmental sciences, sustainable development and circular economy: Alternative concepts for trans-disciplinary research

This report discusses the challenges and opportunities of trans-disciplinary research in environmental sciences. It explores three alternative environmental concepts: "environmental sciences", "sustainable development", and the increasingly popular "circular economy". The article clarifies their meaning and inter-relationship, helping trans-disciplinary researchers to understand the opportunities and challenges of each.
Research
22 March 2016

Assessing pharma companies’ response to COVID-19 and the threat of future pandemics

Access to Medicine Foundation
This report analyses pharmaceutical companies’ response during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, their performance in terms of registration and applying equitable access strategies for COVID-19 vaccines, voluntary licensing agreements and technology transfers, and forward-looking assessment of their preparedness for future epidemics and pandemics.
Benchmark/series
18 November 2022

Assessment of the six largest pesticide companies’ approaches to addressing biodiversity loss

ShareAction
This assessment evaluates the approaches of six leading pesticide companies toward addressing biodiversity loss. None of the companies has committed to phasing out highly hazardous pesticides, and progress in reporting and disclosure is limited. Investors are urged to heed recommendations and use the report to guide engagements.
Benchmark/series
31 October 2023

Five insights for avoiding global collapse: What a 50-year-old model of the world taught me about a way forward for us today

This book analyses a 50-year-old model of the world to provide five insights for avoiding global collapse. The book examines societal pressures, the role of technology, governance structures, and finance that contribute to earth's ecosystem health and sustenance."
Research
5 October 2022

Delivering through diversity

McKinsey & Company
This report shows that strong financial performance correlates with greater representation of women and ethnically/culturally diverse individuals in the leadership of large companies. Companies that invest in inclusion and diversity not only align with social justice but may also achieve competitive advantage and growth.
Research
3 February 2018

Growth-positive zero-emission pathways to 2050

Sitra
This paper presents pathways to achieving growth positive zero-emission targets by 2050. The report concludes that significant action is required globally to achieve the low-carbon transition required to limit temperature increases to 1.5 °C, including the refashioning of multiple fundamental socio-economic systems and the international co-operation of decision-makers.
Research
8 April 2021

Global compact local networks: Accelerating national SDG implementation

United Nations Global Compact
The report emphasizes the role of responsible business in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and highlights the importance of local networks in mobilizing a global movement of companies committed to advancing the SDGs through capacity-building, awareness-raising, and collaboration.
Research
1 December 2018

Climate endgame: Exploring catastrophic climate change scenarios

This report explores the potential for worldwide societal collapse and human extinction due to anthropogenic climate change. It argues that this topic has not been given enough consideration despite existing evidence of catastrophic outcomes. The proposed research agenda seeks to understand the likelihood and mechanisms of such events and their implications for policy.
Research
29 July 2022

New legal opinion cautions Indian company directors to take climate change seriously or risk personal liability

This paper provides guidance to company directors in India regarding their obligations to consider climate change-related risks in the discharge of their duties under Indian law. It argues that directors' duties extend beyond shareholders to the community on matters concerning the environment, and that litigation risks to companies are increasing as a result of climate change.
Research
7 September 2021

Farming our way out of the climate crisis

Project Drawdown
The report focuses on how modifications in farming techniques, land use practices, and food systems can commune climate change reduction, carbon sequestration and carbon sink development and initiates numerous opportunities to become a part of the solution. By changing farming techniques and food systems, we can create numerous opportunities for climate solutions.
Research
29 January 2021
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