This report outlines the risks financial institutions face due to land conversion and related financial crimes. It emphasises the convergence of land conversion with crimes like money laundering and corruption, highlighting the need for robust due diligence and risk assessment. It introduces an Environmental Crimes Financial Toolkit to aid institutions in mitigating these risks.

SPOTT is a free, online platform assessing commodity producers, processors and traders on their public disclosure regarding their organisation, policies, and practices related to environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues. Investors, buyers and others can use SPOTT assessments to inform stakeholder engagement, manage ESG risk, and increase transparency across industries.

This report highlights how building on business leadership and strong national policy measures spur additional investment and action on businesses, accelerating the transition to a prosperous zero carbon economy. This requires an "ambition loop" - a positive feedback loop between business leadership and government policies.

Profundo is an independent non-profit company that aims to make a practical contribution, toward a sustainable world and social justice, with fact-based research and advice. Services include equity analysis and research across finance, tax, policy, supply chain and markets. Projects cover environmental risks such as deforestation, animal welfare and palm oil.