Library | ESG issues
Governance
The governance pillar in ESG (environmental, social, and governance) refers to the systems, policies, and practices that ensure an organisation is managed responsibly and ethically. It includes issues such as board structure, reporting & disclosures, shareholders & voting, and risk management. Strong governance reduces risks, enhances trust, and supports long-term business sustainability.
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U.S. climate policy and blockchain innovation in future smart and sustainable cities
This report explores blockchain's potential to address climate challenges and foster smart, sustainable cities. It highlights blockchain's capacity for decentralisation, transparency, and efficiency in urban governance, renewable energy, and civic participation. Recommendations include multi-stakeholder collaboration, educational initiatives, and human-centred design to ensure ethical, inclusive implementation for climate resilience and innovation.
Infrastructure tokenization: Does blockchain have a role in the financing of infrastructure?
The report explores the potential of blockchain technology in financing infrastructure projects. It evaluates blockchain's capabilities in enhancing efficiency, transparency, and accessibility in infrastructure tokenisation, while addressing challenges like regulatory constraints, market adoption, and technical barriers. The findings highlight both opportunities and limitations for integrating blockchain into infrastructure financing.
Blockchain for sustainability: A systematic literature review for policy impact
The report reviews blockchain's role in sustainability, analysing 10,188 studies. It highlights blockchain's potential in supply chain management, energy systems, and IoT-based solutions like smart cities. However, gaps persist in aligning blockchain applications with global ESG regulations and carbon trading mechanisms. Recommendations aim to improve blockchain's utility in achieving net-zero goals.
Responsible investment and blockchain
The report explores blockchain technology's relevance to responsible investment, highlighting its potential to enhance transparency, automate processes, and improve ESG data tracking. It discusses blockchain's implications for shareholder voting, decentralised systems, financial inclusivity, and sustainability. Practical challenges, including regulation, technical integration, and energy use, are also addressed. .
How business and finance can contribute to a nature positive future now
This report provides an in-depth exploration of the term "nature positive" and its implications for business and finance. It aims to build a shared understanding and alignment on what nature positive means, offering insights and recommendations to drive meaningful action towards halting and reversing nature loss. This report is particularly valuable for investors as it clarifies the concept of "nature positive" and its relevance to investment strategies. It helps investors understand the risks and opportunities associated with nature loss and provides a framework for integrating nature-positive principles into investment decisions.
Biodiversity credit markets: The role of law, regulation, and policy
This report explores legal, policy, and regulatory frameworks to develop high-integrity biodiversity credit markets. These markets aim to finance nature-positive and equitable outcomes, providing innovative and scalable funding for biodiversity conservation and restoration. This report provides investors with insights into the legal and regulatory foundations that support high quality offset markets. As such, this report can be used as a tool to inform policy advocacy in the biodiversity credit market space.
Engaging affected stakeholders: The emerging duties of board members
This report provides guidance for corporate boards on effectively engaging stakeholders to uphold human rights. It outlines strategies for meaningful engagement, addressing stakeholder concerns, and integrating human rights considerations into corporate governance and decision-making processes.
Recommendations toward the development of scenarios for assessing nature-related economic and financial risks
This technical document on nature scenarios develops a rationale for the necessity of such scenarios. It then sets out a step-wise approach to the design of such scenarios, as well as some preliminary considerations on the challenges linked to the design of nature scenarios and the potential benefits that overcoming those challenges could present for scenario design at large. This report offers investors recommendations for incorporating nature-related scenarios into financial risk assessments, helping to evaluate the potential impacts of biodiversity loss on financial stability.
Building a capital consortium for nature-positive investments
The report explores strategies to increase private sector investment in nature-positive projects. Using a capital continuum framework, it identifies barriers such as risk perception, funding gaps, and scalability challenges. Recommendations include development finance institution involvement, innovative funding models like DevCos, and strengthening voluntary carbon markets to provide price signals and liquidity.
Assessing portfolio impacts: Tools to measure biodiversity and SDG footprints of financial portfolios
This resource includes a deep dive into tools that can be used now by financial institutions to measure the biodiversity and SDG footprint of their portfolios. This report supports investors in assessing the biodiversity impacts of their portfolios, providing methodologies and case studies to guide the evaluation and mitigation of biodiversity risks.
Beyond 'business as usual': Biodiversity targets and finance - Managing biodiversity risks across business sectors
This report aims to enable a better understanding of the business sectors and financial mechanisms a risk from biodiversity destruction and lay the ground-work for target setting by the finance sector. It also supports investors in understanding the broader economic implications of biodiversity loss, offering insights and recommendations for integrating biodiversity into business and investment strategies.
Top 10 biodiversity-impact ranking of company industries
This briefing paper employs four biodiversity impact measurement tools to provide biodiversity footprint scores of high-impact sectors and industries. It also provides investors with a ranking of companies based on their biodiversity impacts, helping identify high-impact areas and prioritise engagement and investment strategies.
Biodiversity in the balance: How nature poses investment risk and opportunity
The white paper summarises and presents key information about biodiversity risks and opportunities for investors, drawing from prominent publications by a range of international agencies. The paper re-produces popular charts from papers such as the Millennial Ecosystem Assessment, WEF Nature Risk report series, and the WEF Global Risk Report to highlight the key investment/business case for biodiversity.
UN Environment Programme's emissions gap report series
This benchmark report, produced by the United Nations Environment Programme, assesses the discrepancy between projected and necessary global greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Paris Agreement targets. It highlights the urgent need for enhanced mitigation actions and tracks progress on national commitments and policy implementations.
The financial stability implications of artificial intelligence
The report discusses the rapid adoption and integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the financial sector, driven by advancements in technology and increasing operational efficiency. Key risks include dependencies on third-party providers, market correlations, and cyber vulnerabilities. Generative AI's accessibility could amplify systemic risks, necessitating enhanced regulatory frameworks, vigilant monitoring, and robust governance to ensure financial stability amid evolving AI technologies.
Developing responsible chatbots for financial services: A pattern-oriented responsible AI engineering approach
The report outlines a pattern-oriented engineering approach for responsible AI in financial services. It identifies challenges in scaling responsible AI, introduces a Responsible AI Pattern Catalogue for addressing lifecycle risks, and provides case studies on chatbot development. The study underscores governance, process, and product strategies to operationalise responsible AI principles effectively.