Library | ESG issues

Climate Change

Climate change, driven by human-induced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, is increasing global temperatures and extreme weather events. Major GHGs like carbon dioxide and methane primarily come from burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and agriculture. Key sectors contributing to emissions include energy, industry, transport, buildings, and land use, making mitigation and adaptation essential for environmental and economic stability.

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Energy and AI in East Asia

International Energy Agency (IEA)
This report examines the intersection of artificial intelligence and energy in East Asia. It highlights how AI optimises renewable energy integration and grid management, whilst addressing rising data centre electricity demand. It recommends accelerating digitalisation, updating regulatory frameworks, and promoting clean energy procurement to ensure sustainable development.
Research
27 March 2026

RIAA Conference Australia 2026 - Companion Resources

Responsible investment has moved well beyond principles and pledges. Today’s challenges require practical capability and informed judgement. The RIAA Conference is a must-attend event for finance, sustainability and industry practitioners who want to focus on the key themes for responsible investment in 2026 and what implementation really looks like. Designed as an immersive, hands-on experience, the program focuses on the systems that underpin strong financial performance, and will help you understand how climate, nature, technology, governance and regulation intersect. 

These specially curated companion resources have been recommended by the conference speakers and Altiorem team.
Article
14 May 2026

Mapping heat inequality across neighbourhoods in Delhi: Integrating geospatial and citizen data for climate resilience

Artha Global
Delhi heat vulnerability is shaped by neighbourhood density, limited green cover and unequal access to cooling. Using geospatial and household survey data, the report finds higher heat exposure increases illness, sleep disruption and productivity loss, while targeted greening, micro-level heat planning and energy-efficient cooling could improve urban climate resilience.
Research
10 March 2026

Equity in principle, misalignment in practice: Adaptation finance governance in the adaptation fund and green climate fund

Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment (University of Oxford)
The report argues that adaptation finance through the Adaptation Fund and Green Climate Fund formally prioritises equity, vulnerability and country ownership, but remains constrained by voluntary funding, access barriers and project-based delivery, limiting alignment with Global South priorities.
Research
22 April 2026

Transforming the urban climate project preparation ecosystem: Emerging findings on how enhanced collaboration can deliver greater coherence, efficiency and impact

The Partnering Initiative (TPI)
The report examines weaknesses in urban climate project preparation and argues that stronger coordination between cities, financiers and support organisations could improve coherence, efficiency and project impact. It identifies structural and operational barriers and proposes collaborative reforms to strengthen climate finance delivery.
Research
5 March 2026

Physical climate risk in the United States equity market: Quantifying state–sector heterogeneity

EDHEC Climate Institute
The report presents an NGFS-aligned framework for assessing physical climate risk in U.S. equities. Using state-level GDP damage projections and sector-specific adjustments, it estimates a roughly 4.0% valuation loss for a U.S. equity benchmark under current policies, highlighting substantial variation across states and sectors.
Research
30 March 2026

Climate risks to Syria’s urban water and sanitation systems

ODI Global
Syria’s urban water and sanitation systems face rising climate-driven water scarcity, infrastructure damage and growing demand. The report recommends integrated water management, infrastructure rehabilitation, agricultural water efficiency, wastewater reuse and stronger governance to reduce future water insecurity, contamination risks and maladaptive investment.
Research
30 April 2026

Blocking a better world altogether: Rabobank’s bogus policy about animal welfare and sustainable agriculture

World Animal Protection
World Animal Protection argues Rabobank’s sustainability policies fail to match its financing practices, alleging continued support for companies linked to animal cruelty, deforestation and high emissions. The report urges stricter lending conditions, stronger monitoring and reduced investment in industrial livestock expansion to align with climate and animal welfare goals.
Research
16 May 2024

Building the financial case for urban adaptation: Guidance and case studies

C40 Cities
C40 and Rebel outline how cities can structure urban adaptation projects to attract private finance, using ten case studies. Bankability depends on revenue logic, risk allocation, public de-risking, early financier engagement and credible monitoring.
Research
16 April 2026

The thematic assessment report on the interlinkages among biodiversity, water, food and health

Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)
IPBES assesses links between biodiversity, water, food, health and climate, finding siloed decisions worsen trade-offs. It identifies integrated governance, sustainable consumption, ecosystem restoration and finance reform as response options to support more just and sustainable outcomes.
Research
13 January 2026

Legal opinion: Director’s duties and nature-related risks in the Philippines

Commonwealth Climate and Law Initiative
CCLI’s legal opinion finds Philippine company directors must consider nature-related and biodiversity risks within their fiduciary duties. The report outlines potential legal, disclosure and governance consequences for failing to manage these risks, while also highlighting directors’ obligations to assess nature-related opportunities supporting long-term corporate resilience.
Research
9 April 2026

Climate finance as a catalyst for peace

Research across 85 developing countries found climate finance was associated with lower resource-related conflict risk, particularly through reduced water scarcity and greater renewable energy access. The study suggests climate finance may support stability in fragile regions, with stronger effects observed where higher funding levels were directed towards adaptation and social infrastructure.
Research
10 March 2026

Hedging ambiguity with pro-social preferences: An illustration from green finance

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)
The paper argues that pro-social preferences can offset ambiguity aversion in green finance by acting as a behavioural hedge. Using ambiguity-based investment models, the authors show socially motivated investors may accept uncertain green assets, lowering effective hurdle rates and supporting private capital flows into sustainable projects.
Research
22 April 2026

Deploying established climate technologies and solutions for buildings

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Policy brief outlining market-ready climate technologies for buildings, including heat pumps, insulation, renewable energy systems and circular construction practices. The report highlights financing, policy and capacity barriers, particularly in developing economies, and recommends stronger building codes, targeted funding, and integration of traditional knowledge to accelerate low-emissions, climate-resilient buildings.
Research
12 November 2025

Systematic stewardship on the waterbed

European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)
Tröger argues corporate governance tools, including stewardship, say-on-climate votes and ESG-linked pay, cannot replace broad climate regulation. Firm-level interventions may trigger “waterbed effects”, shifting emissions rather than reducing them. Carbon pricing or comprehensive emissions caps are presented as more effective.
Research
30 March 2026

SAIL: Systems Aware Investing Launchpad

The Investment Integrated Project (TIIP)
SAIL (Systems Aware Investing Launchpad) is an AI-enhanced platform developed by TIIP to support institutional investors in implementing system-level investing strategies. It provides tools for strategy development, benchmarking, reporting and collaboration, helping users assess and manage systemic environmental, social and financial risks.
Online tool/database
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